Simple Explanation

(AC) An electrical current that regularly reverses direction and varies in strength.

Concise Technical Definition

A type of electrical current in which the flow of electrons periodically reverses direction. The voltage alternates in a sinusoidal waveform, typically at 50 Hz or 60 Hz depending on the region.

Layman-Friendly Analogy

Like water sloshing back and forth in a pipe instead of flowing one way—AC goes in both directions over time.

Industry Usage Summary

AC is the standard form of electricity supplied to homes, studios, and venues. It powers most audio gear, lighting, and infrastructure. Power conditioners and grounding systems often manage AC-related noise issues in audio setups.

Engineering Shortcut

AC = reversing current, sine wave, mains power.

Full Technical Explanation

Alternating current (AC) is an electric current that periodically changes direction and amplitude, usually in a sinusoidal waveform. The most common frequencies are 50 Hz (Europe, Asia) and 60 Hz (North America). AC is used for power distribution because it is more efficient for transmitting over long distances than direct current (DC). In audio systems, AC power is used for all powered devices, and improper AC handling can introduce hum or interference, making grounding and shielding critical in system design.