Simple Explanation

A part of a sound wave where air particles are pushed together, increasing pressure.

Concise Technical Definition

A region in a sound wave where the air molecules are compressed, resulting in higher pressure and density, typically alternating with rarefaction zones in longitudinal waves.

Layman-Friendly Analogy

Like squeezing an accordion—some parts get bunched up (compression), while others spread out (rarefaction).

Industry Usage Summary

Used in acoustics and wave physics to describe how sound travels through air. Also relevant in speaker design, microphone response, and room acoustics where pressure zones affect performance. Distinct from dynamic range compression, which alters audio levels.

Engineering Shortcut

Compression = ↑ pressure & ↑ density; alternates with rarefaction in wave propagation.

Full Technical Explanation

In acoustics, compression refers to the part of a longitudinal sound wave where particles of the medium (e.g., air) are pushed closer together, resulting in increased pressure and density. This occurs due to the oscillatory motion of a sound source, creating pressure fluctuations that move outward as a wave. Compression zones alternate with rarefactions (where particles are more spread out), and together they form the basis of sound wave propagation.