Simple Explanation

A set of sliders that let you boost or cut different parts of the sound, like bass or treble.

Concise Technical Definition

A multiband equalizer with fixed center frequencies and bandwidths, where each band is controlled by a slider that adjusts gain for that frequency band.

Layman-Friendly Analogy

Like having a row of volume knobs for different parts of the sound spectrum, laid out so their positions draw a curve.

Industry Usage Summary

Used in live sound, recording, and playback systems to shape tonal balance. Common in rackmount gear and audio processors, especially for feedback control or room tuning.

Engineering Shortcut

Fixed-Q, fixed-frequency EQ with sliders for amplitude control per band.

Full Technical Explanation

A graphic equalizer is an active equalization device that divides the audio spectrum into multiple fixed-frequency bands (e.g., 10, 15, or 31 bands) with fixed bandwidth (Q). Each band is controlled by a slider that adjusts the gain up or down, and the slider positions visually represent the overall EQ curve—hence the term “graphic.” Unlike parametric EQs, graphic EQs do not allow changes to center frequency or bandwidth. They are primarily used for broad tonal shaping, system tuning, and corrective EQ, particularly in sound reinforcement and installed audio systems. Only available as active electronic devices.