Simple Explanation

Sound that bounces off a hard surface and returns to the listener, potentially altering the overall sound.

Concise Technical Definition

In acoustics, reflection refers to a sound wave that bounces off a surface, such as a wall, ceiling, or floor. Reflections, particularly first reflections (the sound that reflects off the nearest surfaces), can cause problems by reinforcing or canceling frequencies in the direct sound coming from the source, leading to distortion or an unclear listening experience.

Layman-Friendly Analogy

Think of it like an echo, but more like sound bouncing off a mirror. Just as light bounces off a mirror to create a reflection, sound bounces off walls or objects, affecting how we hear the original sound.

Industry Usage Summary

In acoustic design, reflections are carefully considered to optimize sound quality. While some reflections are desirable in creating a sense of space or ambiance, unwanted reflections, particularly early or first reflections, can distort or muddy the sound. These are especially problematic in recording studios, home theaters, and concert halls, where precise sound reproduction is critical. Acoustic treatments like diffusers and absorbers are often used to manage reflections and improve the clarity of sound in these environments.

Engineering Shortcut

Sound that bounces off a surface and returns to the listener, potentially altering the quality of the original sound.

Full Technical Explanation

Reflection in acoustics refers to the phenomenon where sound waves bounce off surfaces, such as walls, floors, ceilings, or objects, and return to the listener. These reflections, especially first reflections (those that occur off of the nearest surfaces to the listener), can interfere with the direct sound from the source. The interaction between the direct sound and the reflected sound can lead to phase cancellation or reinforcement of certain frequencies, which can distort the clarity of the sound. In controlled environments like recording studios or home theaters, reflections are managed through acoustic treatments to avoid these issues and ensure accurate sound reproduction.