Simple Explanation

The component in a speaker that holds the voice coil in place and allows the cone to return to its resting position after movement.

Concise Technical Definition

The spider, also known as the suspension, is a flexible, corrugated component in a loudspeaker that holds the voice coil in place, ensuring it is centered within the magnetic gap. It allows the cone to move when an electrical signal is applied but also ensures the cone returns to its resting position afterward. The spider’s function is similar to a car’s suspension system, absorbing movement and keeping the voice coil properly aligned with the magnet for accurate sound reproduction.

Layman-Friendly Analogy

Think of the spider like the suspension system in a car. Just as the suspension keeps the car's wheels properly aligned while absorbing bumps and impacts, the spider keeps the speaker cone and voice coil aligned, allowing the cone to move smoothly without straying off track.

Industry Usage Summary

The spider is a critical component in dynamic loudspeakers, ensuring that the voice coil remains correctly positioned within the magnetic gap. Its role is essential for maintaining accurate sound reproduction by allowing the cone to move freely but returning it to its proper position after each movement. The spider’s material and design can vary depending on the speaker’s application, with different materials used to optimize performance for specific frequency ranges, power handling, and durability. In high-quality audio systems, the design and quality of the spider directly impact the speaker's accuracy and efficiency.

Engineering Shortcut

The component that centers and supports the voice coil in a loudspeaker, allowing it to return to its resting position after movement.

Full Technical Explanation

The spider, or suspension, is an internal component in a loudspeaker that precisely positions the voice coil in relation to the magnetic gap of the motor assembly. It is typically made of a corrugated, flexible material such as treated fabric. Its primary function is to maintain the voice coil’s alignment within the gap, allowing the speaker cone to move in response to the electrical signal and then return to its resting position. This movement is analogous to a car suspension, which absorbs shocks and ensures the wheel remains aligned. The term "spider" originates from the early days of loudspeakers, when the material used resembled the legs of a spider. The spider is crucial for maintaining the accuracy of sound reproduction, as any misalignment can lead to distortion or reduced performance. The spider's design and material selection are carefully optimized for specific speaker designs to ensure durability and performance across different types of audio applications.